What Is Chronic Kidney Failure?

　　
 

Generally speaking, Chronic Kidney Failure develops slowly, but the delay of treatment may finally lead to Uremia. And the pathogenesis of Chronic Kidney Failure is as following:
　　1. Various of pathological damages to kidney will lead to blood microcirculation obstacles which cause ischemia and anoxia of renal tissue. Damages to renal blood endothelial cells will lead to the infiltration of inflammatory cells and the release of inflammatory mediators. Through this
　　2. The damaged renal histocyte will release a series of virulent cell factor and growth factor which promote the transform of the healthy renal cells. These transformed cells will continue to release toxic substances, thus aggravating the damage on kidneys.

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　　3. After transformed, the cells, especially the renal fibroblast will secrete extracellular matrix which is difficult to be degraded. When large amounts of extracellular matrix pile up in kidneys, they will replace healthy renal unites, thus leading to glomerulosclerosis, kidney tubules & mesenchyme fibrosis and renal vessels fibrosis.
　　4. With the development of renal fibrosis, functional renal unites reduces gradually and renal function loses continuously, thus leading to the scar, and finally, the disease will develop into Renal Failure or even Uremia.

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　　Chronic Kidney Failure happens gradually and it usually over years. The initial symptoms are usually very mild and could go unnoticed for years. Symptoms usually are noticed when it is too late and little can be done to reverse the situation.

　　Chronic kidney disease (CKD) slowly gets worse over time. In the early stages, there may be no symptoms. The loss of function usually takes months or years to occur. It may be so slow that symptoms do not occur until kidney function is less than one-tenth of normal. The final stage of Chronic Kidney Failure is called end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The kidneys no longer function and the patient needs the effective treatments.

Do You Know Acute Renal Failure?

Acute Renal Failure usually occurs when blood supply to kidneys is suddenly interrupted or when kidneys become overloaded with toxins. Causes of Acute Renal Failure include accidents, injuries, or complications from surgeries in which kidneys are deprived of normal blood flow for extended periods of time. Heart-bypass surgery is an example of one such procedure.

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Acute Renal Failure takes place rapidly: over days, weeks, or months. It can be caused by an illness connected with severe infection, severe dehydration for a prolonged period, or due to kidney stones that block urine being drained out of the body. If the symptoms are recognized and treated early, these conditions are usually totally curable.

Among the accidental causes of Acute Renal Failure is there also the crush syndrome, when large amounts of toxins are suddenly released in blood circulation after a long compressed limb is suddenly relieved from the pressure obstructing the blood flow through its tissues, causing ischemia. The overload can lead to the clogging and the destruction of the kidneys. It is a reperfusion injury that appears after the release of the crushing pressure. The mechanism is believed to be the release into the bloodstream of muscle breakdown products – notably myoglobin, potassium and phosphorus – that are the products of rhabdomyolysis (the breakdown of skeletal muscle damaged by ischemic conditions). The specific action on the kidneys is not fully understood, but may be due in part to nephrotoxic metabolites of myoglobin.

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Unlike Chronic Renal Failure, however, Acute Renal Failure is reversible, allowing the patient to resume a normal life. People suffering from Acute Renal Failure require effective treatment until their kidneys recover function. To patients of Acute Renal Failure, timely treatment is necessary.